Homosassa Springs, FL
Since our friends, Barbara and Dick, were only staying a few days, we headed out the very next morning on our second sightseeing excursion. Our destination was Homosassa Springs Wildlife State Park in Homosassa Springs, FL. Homosassa Springs is located near the Gulf of Mexico about 45 minutes west of Bushnell.
The Floridian Aquifer, which covers approximately 100,000 square miles, extends from the southern tip of Florida as far north as southern South Carolina and along the Gulf of Mexico as far west as southern Mississippi. The aquifer is contained in layers of porous carbonate rock and is the water supply for millions of Floridians.
The aquifer is also responsible for Florida's many springs. Florida has 17 springs that produce at least 65 million gallons of water a day. Homosassa Springs produces an average of 109 million gallons a day while Silver Springs to the north of Bushnell is the largest in Florida producing an average daily flow of about 5 times that much.
Homosassa Springs Wildlife Park has two entrances. The east entrance is the main entrance, and since it is located on busy U. S. Route 19, it is easier to find. The west entrance is a short distance away on State Route 490A. You can park your car and enter the park at the west entrance, but you'll miss the pontoon boat ride down Pepper Creek from the east entrance.
The boat ride provides wildlife viewing opportunities. Because it was cold the morning we were there, there wasn't much wildlife activity. However, we did see a pair of wood ducks, one small turtle sunning itself on a log, a pair of osprey nesting in a tree, and a bald eagle flying high overhead. The only thing on the boat ride we were able to get a good photo of was a great egret. Fortunately, these elegant birds are now quite common in the south even though they were once hunted to near extinction because their feathers were used for ladies' hats.
The wildlife park at Homosassa Springs originally opened in the 1960s as a roadside animal attraction featuring exotic animals from around the world. The state of Florida bought the portion of the land around the spring in 1989 and converted the roadside attraction to a wildlife rehabilitation and educational facility. All but one of the exotic animals from the original animal attraction were moved to new homes (more about that later). With the exception of that one animal, the park now has only species native to Florida.
The park nurses injured animals back to health with the goal of returning them to the wild. If it's not possible to return the animals to wild either because they are too badly injured or because they have been raised in captivity and can no longer fend for themselves, they are allowed to live out their days at the park.
The west entrance is located at the head spring of the Homosassa River. We were greeted by a fountain depicting manatees.
Like most of the springs in Florida, Homosassa Springs flows at a constant temperature of about 72 degrees which attracts manatees in winter. As we learned when we went to Blue Springs earlier this year, manatees can't survive in water temperatures below 60 degrees. Click here to read about our visit to Blue Springs. By the way, Blue Springs has a flow of about 100 million gallons of water a day.
Although there are many wild manatees in the Homosassa River this time of year, the area in the immediate vicinity of the spring itself is fenced off and currently contains six manatees that live at the spring year-round. The photo below shows two of them.
There is an underwater viewing area located right over the spring boil. You can go below the water level and watch the manatees through the windows. You can also see large numbers of fish like these sheepsheads.
The sheepshead, like most of the other fish at the spring, are saltwater fish. It is not known why they venture into the freshwater spring.
As we exited the underwater viewing area, we decided it was Margery's turn for the silly tourist photo.
The next stop along the walkway around the park was at the alligator pool. We learned alligators' metabolism slows in cool weather to the point where they do not eat at all in winter.
Adjacent to the alligator pool is the pool where Lu the African hippopotamus lives. Lu is the only non-native animal remaining from the original roadside animal attraction. Lu was an aspiring actor in his younger years, and was featured in the 1962 John Wayne movie Hatari. Lu, who is now 50 years old, has been at the park since 1964. Because he was so popular and because it was difficult to find a home for a 6,000 pound hippo, Lu was allowed to stay and will live out his days at the park. He was declared an honorary citizen of Florida in 1992.
We got to Lu's area just in time for his lunchtime snack. Lu is fed mostly melons for his snack.
Lu eventually grew tired of being gawked at, and he lay back down to continue his nap (hippos are nocturnal). So we continued on our way along the path through the park.
The park has a large lagoon where the waterfowl reside. We saw a pair of blue herrons nesting in one of the trees overhanging the lagoon.
These blue herrons are among the many wild, non-injured birds that call the park home. The park volunteer told us any bird that can fly isn't an "official" resident of the park. The wild birds are attracted to the park by the easy availability of food.
In and around the lagoon are sandhill cranes...
...turtles...
...white ibis...
...and other waterfowl including brown pelicans, white pelicans, swans and flamingos.
The color of a flamingo is dependent on its diet. A diet higher in beta carotene and certain beneficial bacteria will result in a brighter color. A well-fed, healthy flamingo will be more brightly colored and will be more attractive to a mate. In captivity, flamingos tend to have a paler color unless shrimp or other supplements are added to their diet.
While the ibis can poke its curved beak down into the rocks and mud on the bottom to look for food, the flamingo stirs the mud with its webbed feet then uses its hooked beak to graze along the bottom with its head almost upside down.
Some of the larger mammals at the park are a black bear, a bobcat, several red fox, several red wolves, and two Florida panthers. Unfortunately, we could only catch glimpses of most of them because their habitats provide cover for them similar to what they would have in the wild. It was difficult to get good photos, but we did catch a good shot of the female panther just before she got up and went behind a rock.
Unfortunately, the river otter exhibit at the far end of the park was closed for renovation, but we went into the reptile house - mostly because it was warm which felt good on a cool, breezy day. There were numerous examples of Florida snakes, both poisonous and non-poisonous, including the pygmy rattle snake shown in the photo below.
The park also has several birds of prey including the barred owl to the left in the composite photo below and the great horned owl to the right.
While it's always a thrill to see animals and birds in the wild, it's also fun to be able to see them close up like we were able to do at the wildlife park. We have seen a few bald eagles in the wild, including one flying high above on our way into the park, but the one in the next photo was only about 25 feet away.
We were all pretty cold by the time we left the park. The sun was out, but the park has a lot of shade, and it was windy with the temperature in the low 50s. We decided to take the tram back to the east entrance rather than the boat because the tram would get us back to the car faster.
The next morning, Barbara and Dick left for their next stop a little farther south in Florida. We extended our stay in Bushnell by a week to allow the temperatures to the north to warm up a little more. We'll be starting to prepare for hitting the road again - you know, cleaning out the storage bays, getting the oil changed in the car, checking the air pressure in the motor home tires, etc. But maybe we'll have time to squeeze in some more sightseeing before we leave, so look for our next post.