Highlands Hammock State Park
Wauchula, FL - Events of Thursday, January 10, 2019
By the time we returned from our trip to Pittsburgh, we realized the cold Paul came down with two days before Christmas had turned into bronchitis. Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes. It's usually caused by a virus, so antibiotics won't help. Bronchitis will normally go away by itself, but it can take two to four weeks. Paul's lasted a total of about three weeks, and he had lingering tiredness for a week or so after that.
Paul was finally feeling a good bit better last week, so last Thursday we decided to go on a tour of Highlands Hammock State Park that was organized by one of the couples from the Co-op. The tour included a tram tour, tours of the CCC museum located at the park, hikes, and a picnic lunch. The state park is located about half an hour from the Co-op near Sebring.
A hammock is a stand of hardwood trees, usually surrounded by wetlands. The hammock may be only a few inches above the surrounding land; but this higher ground creates dryer conditions making the growth of the hardwood trees possible. The hardwood trees at Highlands Hammock State Park are mostly varieties of oaks and hickory.
There are several other ecological zones besides the hardwood hammock located within the park. We'll have a little more on that later.
Our group had over 40 people. Since the tram only holds 30, we had to schedule a tram tour at 9 a.m. and a second one at 11 a.m. We were on the first tour. It was one of the cooler nights of the fall/winter season, and it was in the low 40s when we boarded the tram. Although the sun felt warm, most of the tour goes through the woods. Also, with the tram traveling at speeds up to 10 or 15 MPH at times, we needed to bundle up to stay warm.
Kevin, who was our driver and guide on the tram tour, is a volunteer at Highlands Hammock. He gave us a brief description and history of the park before the start of the tour. He was very knowledgeable and interesting.
Kevin, our volunteer tour guide
Highlands Hammock State Park opened in 1931 as one of the first 4 state parks in Florida. The CCC, which was formed in 1933 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great Depression to give meaningful work to able-bodied men, played a big role in the initial development of the park. More on the CCC later.
The first point of interest on the tram tour was a 1000-year old Live Oak. It isn't the biggest tree in the park, but it is the oldest.
Live oak trees tend to rot out from the inside, which is what happened to this one. In the late 1990s, much of the tree collapsed in spite of (or maybe because of) efforts back in the 1930s to clean out the rot, add steel reinforcing rods, and fill the hollow trunk with concrete. One of the large branches can be seen still lying on the ground to the left of the tree. In spite of losing major branches, the tree still is alive with new growth sprouting from the top of section of the trunk to the right.
Next, the tram tour passed through the hardwood hammock. Sabal palms also frequently grow alongside the hardwoods.
Within a short distance, the elevation started to drop, and we entered yet another ecological zone - a cypress swamp. Cypress trees are one of the few deciduous conifer trees, and they lose their needles in winter.
As the tour went on, the elevation began to rise again, and we entered a dry ecological area known as a pine flatwood where the vegetation is made up primarily of pine trees and under-story palmettos. Back when the first Spanish explorers first arrived in the 1500s, 70 to 90% of Florida was pine flatwoods.
The existence of pine flatwoods depends on periodic fires. The pines and palmettos are resistant to fire and will survive. In fact, some pines rely on fire to open the cones to release seeds. Hardwood saplings and other under-story plants on the other hand, will be burned up before they can become established. Fires can occur naturally, primarily through lightening strikes, but naturally-occurring fires can be very unpredictable and dangerous. Therefore, prescribed burns are conducted every few years to preserve the nature of the pine flatwoods in a controlled, safe manner.
The final area on the tram tour was a drive along a canal that was dug back in the day to help drain excess rain runoff from the park. This is an excellent location to see wildlife, and we saw dozens of birds including the ones shown in the following photos.
On sunny days, there are usually numerous alligators sunning themselves on the banks of the canal. It was early on a cool morning, so the tour guide thought there might not be any out yet, but we saw a small one that was 15 to 18 inches long and the one shown below that was about 3 or 4 feet long.
The tram dropped us off at the CCC museum. As we said, the CCC played a big role in the development of this park and many others across the country. The museum at Highlands Hammock State Park is housed in what was the rec hall for the CCC back in the day.
The CCC provided young men with food, housing (many times in tents), clothing, and a wage of $30 a month. The men got to keep $5, and the rest was sent home to their families. Over 3 million young, able-bodied, unmarried men participated in the CCC with a maximum enrollment at any given time of about 300,000. The CCC provided manual labor for the conservation and development of natural resources on lands owned by federal, state, and local governments. The CCC built shelters, lodges, service roads, trails, and service buildings in over 800 parks across the country. They also planted over 8 billion trees. The CCC was discontinued in 1942 shortly after the U.S. entered WWII.
Map showing the locations of CCC camps
Margery was interested in the CCC museum because her dad was in the CCC. We found on the map the camp where he worked in the Laurel Highlands of Pennsylvania back in the day.
Margery checking out a display of some of the tools used by the CCC at Highlands Hammock State Park
Because we had previously scheduled haircuts for both of us for shortly after noon in Sebring, we only stayed for the tram tour and a brief tour of the museum. We missed out on a docent-led tour of the museum and a couple of hikes that were planned for later; but with Paul just recovering from bronchitis, going on a hike probably wasn't a good idea anyway.
After our haircuts, we stopped at Dee's Place in Sebring for a late lunch of half-pound burgers. We then headed back to the Co-op to relax with an evening of TV.
We had friends from out of town scheduled to stop the next day for a visit. We'll tell you about that in our next post.